代码分析器规则
使用 Dart 代码分析器识别 Dart 代码中可能存在的问题。您可以通过 IDE 或使用 dart analyze 命令使用代码分析器。有关如何启用和禁用单个代码分析器规则的信息，请参阅 分析器文档 的 各个规则部分 。
此页面列出了所有代码分析器规则，以及诸如何时可能需要使用每个规则、哪些代码模式会触发它以及如何修复代码之类的详细信息。
集合
#为了避免需要单独选择兼容的代码分析器规则，请考虑从代码分析器规则集合开始，以下软件包提供这些集合：
- lints
- 包含 Dart 团队精心策划的两个规则集合。我们建议至少使用
core规则集合，该集合在将包上传到 pub.dev 时用于 评分 。或者，更好的是，使用recommended规则集合，它是core的超集，可以识别更多问题并强制执行样式和格式。如果您正在编写 Flutter 代码，请使用flutter_lints包中的规则集合，该集合基于lints。
- flutter_lints
- 包含
flutter规则集合，Flutter 团队鼓励您在 Flutter 应用、包和插件中使用此集合。此规则集是recommended集合的超集，而recommended集合本身又是core集合的超集，部分决定了上传到 pub.dev 的包的 分数 。
要了解如何使用特定规则集，请访问有关 启用和禁用代码分析器规则 的文档。
要查找更多预定义规则集，请查看 pub.dev 上的 #lints 主题 。
状态
#每个规则都有一个状态或成熟度级别：
- 稳定
- 这些规则可以使用，并且已验证其在最新版本的 Dart 语言中具有功能性。除非规则被标记为实验性、已弃用或已删除，否则所有规则都被认为是稳定的。
- 实验性
- 这些规则仍在评估中，可能永远不会稳定。谨慎使用这些规则，并报告您遇到的任何问题。
- 已弃用
- 不再建议使用这些规则，并且可能在未来的 Dart 版本中删除。
- 已删除
- 这些规则已在最新的稳定 Dart 版本中删除。
快速修复
#可以使用快速修复自动修复某些规则。快速修复是一个自动编辑，目标是修复代码分析器规则报告的问题。
如果规则有快速修复，则可以使用 dart fix 或使用 支持 Dart 的编辑器 来应用它。要了解更多信息，请参阅 分析问题的快速修复 。
规则
#以下是所有代码分析器规则的索引及其功能的简短说明。要了解有关每个规则的更多信息，请单击其名称。
有关包含 Dart 3.6.0 中所有代码分析器规则的自动生成列表，请查看 所有代码分析器规则 。
always_declare_return_types
Declare method return types.
always_put_control_body_on_new_line
Separate the control structure expression from its statement.
always_put_required_named_parameters_first
Put required named parameters first.
always_require_non_null_named_parameters (Removed)
Specify @required on named parameters without defaults.
always_specify_types
Specify type annotations.
always_use_package_imports
Avoid relative imports for files in lib/.
annotate_overrides
Annotate overridden members.
annotate_redeclares (Experimental)
Annotate redeclared members.
avoid_annotating_with_dynamic
Avoid annotating with dynamic when not required.
avoid_as (Removed)
Avoid using as.
avoid_bool_literals_in_conditional_expressions
Avoid bool literals in conditional expressions.
avoid_catches_without_on_clauses
Avoid catches without on clauses.
avoid_catching_errors
Don't explicitly catch Error or types that implement it.
avoid_classes_with_only_static_members
Avoid defining a class that contains only static members.
avoid_double_and_int_checks
Avoid double and int checks.
avoid_dynamic_calls
Avoid method calls or property accesses on a dynamic target.
avoid_empty_else
Avoid empty statements in else clauses.
avoid_equals_and_hash_code_on_mutable_classes
Avoid overloading operator == and hashCode on classes not marked @immutable.
avoid_escaping_inner_quotes
Avoid escaping inner quotes by converting surrounding quotes.
avoid_field_initializers_in_const_classes
Avoid field initializers in const classes.
avoid_final_parameters
Avoid final for parameter declarations.
avoid_function_literals_in_foreach_calls
Avoid using forEach with a function literal.
avoid_futureor_void (Experimental)
Avoid using 'FutureOr
avoid_implementing_value_types
Don't implement classes that override ==.
avoid_init_to_null
Don't explicitly initialize variables to null.
avoid_js_rounded_ints
Avoid JavaScript rounded ints.
avoid_multiple_declarations_per_line
Don't declare multiple variables on a single line.
avoid_null_checks_in_equality_operators
Don't check for null in custom == operators.
avoid_positional_boolean_parameters
Avoid positional boolean parameters.
avoid_print
Avoid print calls in production code.
avoid_private_typedef_functions
Avoid private typedef functions.
avoid_redundant_argument_values
Avoid redundant argument values.
avoid_relative_lib_imports
Avoid relative imports for files in lib/.
avoid_renaming_method_parameters
Don't rename parameters of overridden methods.
avoid_return_types_on_setters
Avoid return types on setters.
avoid_returning_null (Removed)
Avoid returning null from members whose return type is bool, double, int, or num.
avoid_returning_null_for_future (Removed)
Avoid returning null for Future.
avoid_returning_null_for_void
Avoid returning null for void.
avoid_returning_this
Avoid returning this from methods just to enable a fluent interface.
avoid_setters_without_getters
Avoid setters without getters.
avoid_shadowing_type_parameters
Avoid shadowing type parameters.
avoid_single_cascade_in_expression_statements
Avoid single cascade in expression statements.
avoid_slow_async_io
Avoid slow asynchronous dart:io methods.
avoid_type_to_string
Avoid
avoid_types_as_parameter_names
Avoid types as parameter names.
avoid_types_on_closure_parameters
Avoid annotating types for function expression parameters.
avoid_unnecessary_containers
Avoid unnecessary containers.
avoid_unstable_final_fields (Removed)
Avoid overriding a final field to return different values if called multiple times.
avoid_unused_constructor_parameters
Avoid defining unused parameters in constructors.
avoid_void_async
Avoid async functions that return void.
avoid_web_libraries_in_flutter
Avoid using web-only libraries outside Flutter web plugin packages.
await_only_futures
Await only futures.
camel_case_extensions
Name extensions using UpperCamelCase.
camel_case_types
Name types using UpperCamelCase.
cancel_subscriptions
Cancel instances of dart:async StreamSubscription.
cascade_invocations
Cascade consecutive method invocations on the same reference.
cast_nullable_to_non_nullable
Don't cast a nullable value to a non nullable type.
close_sinks
Close instances of dart:core Sink.
collection_methods_unrelated_type
Invocation of various collection methods with arguments of unrelated types.
combinators_ordering
Sort combinator names alphabetically.
comment_references
Only reference in-scope identifiers in doc comments.
conditional_uri_does_not_exist
Missing conditional import.
constant_identifier_names
Prefer using lowerCamelCase for constant names.
control_flow_in_finally
Avoid control flow in finally blocks.
curly_braces_in_flow_control_structures
DO use curly braces for all flow control structures.
dangling_library_doc_comments
Attach library doc comments to library directives.
depend_on_referenced_packages
Depend on referenced packages.
deprecated_consistency
Missing deprecated annotation.
deprecated_member_use_from_same_package
Avoid using deprecated elements from within the package in which they are declared.
diagnostic_describe_all_properties
DO reference all public properties in debug methods.
directives_ordering
Adhere to Effective Dart Guide directives sorting conventions.
discarded_futures
Don't invoke asynchronous functions in non-async blocks.
do_not_use_environment
Do not use environment declared variables.
document_ignores
Document ignore comments.
empty_catches
Avoid empty catch blocks.
empty_constructor_bodies
Use ; instead of {} for empty constructor bodies.
empty_statements
Avoid empty statements.
enable_null_safety (Removed)
Do use sound null safety.
eol_at_end_of_file
Put a single newline at end of file.
exhaustive_cases
Define case clauses for all constants in enum-like classes.
file_names
Name source files using lowercase_with_underscores.
flutter_style_todos
Use Flutter TODO format: // TODO(username): message, https://URL-to-issue.
hash_and_equals
Always override hashCode if overriding ==.
implementation_imports
Don't import implementation files from another package.
implicit_call_tearoffs
Explicitly tear-off call methods when using an object as a Function.
implicit_reopen (Experimental)
Don't implicitly reopen classes.
invalid_case_patterns (Experimental)
Use case expressions that are valid in Dart 3.0.
invalid_runtime_check_with_js_interop_types
Avoid runtime type tests with JS interop types where the result may not be platform-consistent.
invariant_booleans (Removed)
Conditions should not unconditionally evaluate to true or to false.
iterable_contains_unrelated_type (Removed)
Invocation of Iterable<E>.contains with references of unrelated types.
join_return_with_assignment
Join return statement with assignment when possible.
leading_newlines_in_multiline_strings
Start multiline strings with a newline.
library_annotations
Attach library annotations to library directives.
library_names
Name libraries using lowercase_with_underscores.
library_prefixes
Use lowercase_with_underscores when specifying a library prefix.
library_private_types_in_public_api
Avoid using private types in public APIs.
lines_longer_than_80_chars
Avoid lines longer than 80 characters.
list_remove_unrelated_type (Removed)
Invocation of remove with references of unrelated types.
literal_only_boolean_expressions
Boolean expression composed only with literals.
matching_super_parameters
Use matching super parameter names.
missing_code_block_language_in_doc_comment
A code block is missing a specified language.
missing_whitespace_between_adjacent_strings
Missing whitespace between adjacent strings.
no_adjacent_strings_in_list
Don't use adjacent strings in list.
no_default_cases (Experimental)
No default cases.
no_duplicate_case_values
Don't use more than one case with same value.
no_leading_underscores_for_library_prefixes
Avoid leading underscores for library prefixes.
no_leading_underscores_for_local_identifiers
Avoid leading underscores for local identifiers.
no_literal_bool_comparisons
Don't compare boolean expressions to boolean literals.
no_logic_in_create_state
Don't put any logic in createState.
no_runtimeType_toString
Avoid calling toString() on runtimeType.
no_self_assignments
Don't assign a variable to itself.
no_wildcard_variable_uses
Don't use wildcard parameters or variables.
non_constant_identifier_names
Name non-constant identifiers using lowerCamelCase.
noop_primitive_operations
Noop primitive operations.
null_check_on_nullable_type_parameter
Don't use null check on a potentially nullable type parameter.
null_closures
Do not pass null as an argument where a closure is expected.
omit_local_variable_types
Omit type annotations for local variables.
omit_obvious_local_variable_types (Experimental)
Omit obvious type annotations for local variables.
omit_obvious_property_types (Unreleased)
Omit obvious type annotations for top-level and static variables.
one_member_abstracts
Avoid defining a one-member abstract class when a simple function will do.
only_throw_errors
Only throw instances of classes extending either Exception or Error.
overridden_fields
Don't override fields.
package_api_docs (Deprecated)
Provide doc comments for all public APIs.
package_names
Use lowercase_with_underscores for package names.
package_prefixed_library_names
Prefix library names with the package name and a dot-separated path.
parameter_assignments
Don't reassign references to parameters of functions or methods.
prefer_adjacent_string_concatenation
Use adjacent strings to concatenate string literals.
prefer_asserts_in_initializer_lists
Prefer putting asserts in initializer lists.
prefer_asserts_with_message
Prefer asserts with message.
prefer_bool_in_asserts (Removed)
Prefer using a boolean as the assert condition.
prefer_collection_literals
Use collection literals when possible.
prefer_conditional_assignment
Prefer using ??= over testing for null.
prefer_const_constructors
Prefer const with constant constructors.
prefer_const_constructors_in_immutables
Prefer declaring const constructors on @immutable classes.
prefer_const_declarations
Prefer const over final for declarations.
prefer_const_literals_to_create_immutables
Prefer const literals as parameters of constructors on @immutable classes.
prefer_constructors_over_static_methods
Prefer defining constructors instead of static methods to create instances.
prefer_contains
Use contains for List and String instances.
prefer_double_quotes
Prefer double quotes where they won't require escape sequences.
prefer_equal_for_default_values (Removed)
Use = to separate a named parameter from its default value.
prefer_expression_function_bodies
Use => for short members whose body is a single return statement.
prefer_final_fields
Private field could be final.
prefer_final_in_for_each
Prefer final in for-each loop variable if reference is not reassigned.
prefer_final_locals
Prefer final for variable declarations if they are not reassigned.
prefer_final_parameters
Prefer final for parameter declarations if they are not reassigned.
prefer_for_elements_to_map_fromIterable
Prefer for elements when building maps from iterables.
prefer_foreach
Use forEach to only apply a function to all the elements.
prefer_function_declarations_over_variables
Use a function declaration to bind a function to a name.
prefer_generic_function_type_aliases
Prefer generic function type aliases.
prefer_if_elements_to_conditional_expressions
Prefer if elements to conditional expressions where possible.
prefer_if_null_operators
Prefer using ?? operators.
prefer_initializing_formals
Use initializing formals when possible.
prefer_inlined_adds
Inline list item declarations where possible.
prefer_int_literals
Prefer int literals over double literals.
prefer_interpolation_to_compose_strings
Use interpolation to compose strings and values.
prefer_is_empty
Use isEmpty for Iterables and Maps.
prefer_is_not_empty
Use isNotEmpty for Iterables and Maps.
prefer_is_not_operator
Prefer is! operator.
prefer_iterable_whereType
Prefer to use whereType on iterable.
prefer_mixin
Prefer using mixins.
prefer_null_aware_method_calls
Prefer null-aware method calls.
prefer_null_aware_operators
Prefer using null-aware operators.
prefer_relative_imports
Prefer relative imports for files in lib/.
prefer_single_quotes
Only use double quotes for strings containing single quotes.
prefer_spread_collections
Use spread collections when possible.
prefer_typing_uninitialized_variables
Prefer typing uninitialized variables and fields.
prefer_void_to_null
Don't use the Null type, unless you are positive that you don't want void.
provide_deprecation_message
Provide a deprecation message, via @Deprecated("message").
public_member_api_docs
Document all public members.
recursive_getters
Property getter recursively returns itself.
require_trailing_commas
Use trailing commas for all parameter lists and argument lists.
secure_pubspec_urls
Use secure urls in pubspec.yaml.
sized_box_for_whitespace SizedBox for whitespace.
sized_box_shrink_expand
Use SizedBox shrink and expand named constructors.
slash_for_doc_comments
Prefer using /// for doc comments.
sort_child_properties_last
Sort child properties last in widget instance creations.
sort_constructors_first
Sort constructor declarations before other members.
sort_pub_dependencies
Sort pub dependencies alphabetically.
sort_unnamed_constructors_first
Sort unnamed constructor declarations first.
specify_nonobvious_local_variable_types (Experimental)
Specify non-obvious type annotations for local variables.
specify_nonobvious_property_types (Unreleased)
Specify non-obvious type annotations for top-level and static variables.
super_goes_last (Removed)
Place the super call last in a constructor initialization list.
test_types_in_equals
Test type of argument in operator ==(Object other).
throw_in_finally
Avoid throw in finally block.
tighten_type_of_initializing_formals
Tighten type of initializing formal.
type_annotate_public_apis
Type annotate public APIs.
type_init_formals
Don't type annotate initializing formals.
type_literal_in_constant_pattern
Don't use constant patterns with type literals.
unawaited_futuresFuture results in async function bodies must be awaited or marked unawaited using dart:async.
unintended_html_in_doc_comment
Use of angle brackets in a doc comment is treated as HTML by Markdown.
unnecessary_await_in_return
Unnecessary await keyword in return.
unnecessary_brace_in_string_interps
Avoid using braces in interpolation when not needed.
unnecessary_breaks
Don't use explicit breaks when a break is implied.
unnecessary_const
Avoid const keyword.
unnecessary_constructor_name
Unnecessary .new constructor name.
unnecessary_final
Don't use final for local variables.
unnecessary_getters_setters
Avoid wrapping fields in getters and setters just to be "safe".
unnecessary_lambdas
Don't create a lambda when a tear-off will do.
unnecessary_late
Don't specify the late modifier when it is not needed.
unnecessary_library_directive
Avoid library directives unless they have documentation comments or annotations.
unnecessary_library_name
Don't have a library name in a library declaration.
unnecessary_new
Unnecessary new keyword.
unnecessary_null_aware_assignments
Avoid null in null-aware assignment.
unnecessary_null_aware_operator_on_extension_on_nullable
Unnecessary null aware operator on extension on a nullable type.
unnecessary_null_checks (Experimental)
Unnecessary null checks.
unnecessary_null_in_if_null_operators
Avoid using null in ?? operators.
unnecessary_nullable_for_final_variable_declarations
Use a non-nullable type for a final variable initialized with a non-nullable value.
unnecessary_overrides
Don't override a method to do a super method invocation with the same parameters.
unnecessary_parenthesis
Unnecessary parentheses can be removed.
unnecessary_raw_strings
Unnecessary raw string.
unnecessary_statements
Avoid using unnecessary statements.
unnecessary_string_escapes
Remove unnecessary backslashes in strings.
unnecessary_string_interpolations
Unnecessary string interpolation.
unnecessary_this
Don't access members with this unless avoiding shadowing.
unnecessary_to_list_in_spreads
Unnecessary toList() in spreads.
unreachable_from_main
Unreachable top-level members in executable libraries.
unrelated_type_equality_checks
Equality operator == invocation with references of unrelated types.
unsafe_html (Removed)
Avoid unsafe HTML APIs.
unsafe_variance (Unreleased)
Unsafe type: Has a type variable in a non-covariant position.
use_build_context_synchronously
Do not use BuildContext across asynchronous gaps.
use_colored_box
Use ColoredBox.
use_decorated_box
Use DecoratedBox.
use_enums
Use enums rather than classes that behave like enums.
use_full_hex_values_for_flutter_colors
Prefer an 8-digit hexadecimal integer (for example, 0xFFFFFFFF) to instantiate a Color.
use_function_type_syntax_for_parameters
Use generic function type syntax for parameters.
use_if_null_to_convert_nulls_to_bools
Use ?? operators to convert nulls to bools.
use_is_even_rather_than_modulo
Prefer intValue.isOdd/isEven instead of checking the result of % 2.
use_key_in_widget_constructors
Use key in widget constructors.
use_late_for_private_fields_and_variables (Experimental)
Use late for private members with a non-nullable type.
use_named_constants
Use predefined named constants.
use_raw_strings
Use raw string to avoid escapes.
use_rethrow_when_possible
Use rethrow to rethrow a caught exception.
use_setters_to_change_properties
Use a setter for operations that conceptually change a property.
use_string_buffers
Use string buffers to compose strings.
use_string_in_part_of_directives
Use string in part of directives.
use_super_parameters (Experimental)
Use super-initializer parameters where possible.
use_test_throws_matchers
Use throwsA matcher instead of fail().
use_to_and_as_if_applicable
Start the name of the method with to/_to or as/_as if applicable.
use_truncating_division
Use truncating division.
valid_regexps
Use valid regular expression syntax.
void_checks
Don't assign to void.
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